The Borders of Care: Migrant Healthcare Access in Europe

Coverage: 53 countries and areas in the WHO European Region, including Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia.

Evidence base: WHO Europe, UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024, ECDC surveillance, European Union resources and national sources.

How to read the data: Migrant stock is a point-in-time estimate, not a measure of annual arrivals. Origin is based primarily on country of birth—or citizenship where birth data are unavailable—and does not identify nationality, ethnicity, language, migration reason or legal status.

Methodology: Access categories are an editorial comparison of legal entitlement and practical access. They are not a clinical risk score or an official country ranking.

Research transparency: Data collection, standardization and cross-checking were supported by AI-assisted research workflows and reviewed against the cited primary and institutional sources.

Healthcare policies, eligibility rules and service arrangements can change. This resource is provided for public information and policy discussion and is not legal or medical advice. If you identify an outdated record or can provide a current official source, please contact SHAPE so the database can be reviewed and updated.