WHO European Region · country profile

HIV, PrEP and sexual health access in Turkmenistan

Name: HIV medicine, PrEP and sexual health access in Turkmenistan
Creator: SHAPE

Turkmenistan: 19% of verified HIV medicine records are reimbursed; PrEP is not confirmed as available; sexuality education is classified as highly restricted. Compare medicines, prevention, reproductive rights and migrant healthcare access, with sources and the date each record was last checked.

Last checked 14/09/2026 · Sources cited on every record

Colour shows the share of verified HIV medicines that are reimbursed.

HIV medicines19% reimbursed5 of 26 verified records PrEPNot availableRecipient count not available DoxyPEPNot available / no guidelinesNational access and guidance Sexuality educationHighly restrictedPolicy framework Family planning & abortionHighly restrictedAbortion law and contraception Migrant healthcare accessDangerEntitlement and practice

12 HIV medicine records for Turkmenistan are still under review. They have not yet been checked against a national source and must not be read as confirmed access or non-access.

Are HIV medicines reimbursed in Turkmenistan?

Of 26 verified HIV medicine records for Turkmenistan, 5 are available and reimbursed (19%), 0 are available but not reimbursed and 21 are not available. 12 further records are still under review.

Reimbursed 5

Generic TDF/FTC (Emtricitabine/Tenofovir DF), Generic TLD (Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir), Generic TLE (Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz), Kaletra, Truvada

Not available 21

Biktarvy, Celsentri, Delstrigo, Descovy, Dovato, Edurant, Genvoya, Intelence, Isentress, Juluca, Odefsey, Pifeltro and 9 more

See every medicine with its source ↓

Is PrEP available and reimbursed in Turkmenistan?

SHAPE's review did not confirm that PrEP is available in Turkmenistan. This is not proof of zero access; national confirmation is still needed.

PrEP recipients: PrEP recipient count unavailable

No country-level PrEP recipient value was found in the 2025 UNAIDS GAM dataset. This is not evidence of zero access; national availability and reimbursement require confirmation from the national programme. [Source: https://aidsinfo.unaids.org/dataset]

Is DoxyPEP available in Turkmenistan?

SHAPE's review found no national DoxyPEP programme or guideline in Turkmenistan.

No country-specific national DoxyPEP programme was confirmed in this review. WHO's 14 July 2026 guideline conditionally recommends that DoxyPEP may be offered to men who have sex with men and transgender women as part of a comprehensive sexual health package. It prioritizes people with recent or recurrent bacterial STIs and calls for antimicrobial-resistance monitoring; the guideline does not itself establish country-level availability or reimbursement. [Source: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240124110]

What is the policy on sexuality education in Turkmenistan?

SHAPE classifies the sexuality education framework in Turkmenistan as highly restricted. This describes the national policy framework, not how every school delivers it.

National framework: No comprehensive and inclusive national sexuality-education programme was verified; available reproductive-health information is limited.
Interpretation: The status summarizes the verified policy framework; it does not guarantee uniform classroom delivery.

[Sources: https://www.unesco.org/gem-report/en/peer ; https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/comprehensive-sexuality-education ; https://www.bzga-whocc.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/BZgA_IPPFEN_ComprehensiveStudyReport_Online.pdf]

What are the rules on abortion and contraception in Turkmenistan?

SHAPE classifies family planning and abortion rights in Turkmenistan as highly restricted, combining abortion law and contraception policy.

Abortion: A 2022 Health Ministry order reportedly limited abortion on request to five weeks, making legal and practical access highly restrictive.
Contraception: The EPF 2026 atlas does not include this country, so a directly comparable contraception-policy score is unavailable.
Interpretation: The status combines legal rules and national policy access; regional availability and individual eligibility may differ.

[Sources: https://abortion-policies.srhr.org/countries/]

Can migrants access healthcare in Turkmenistan?

SHAPE's editorial comparison places migrant healthcare access in Turkmenistan in the most restricted category (Danger). Entitlement: Status-dependent care with HIV-related entry/residence restrictions.

Provider type: State health system / employer or private payment · International migrants (2024): 193,763

Access rule: Routine care for non-nationals depends on legal status, local rules and payment; publicly verifiable migrant-specific entitlement data remain limited.
Main barriers: HIV-positive non-nationals remain subject to entry or residence restrictions, and limited transparency makes practical access difficult to assess.
Migration measure: UN DESA estimates 193,763 international migrants at mid-year 2024. This is a point-in-time stock, not the number of people who arrived during 2024. The estimate is based on the foreign-born population. Refugee, asylum-seeker or refugee-like population data are incorporated where indicated by UN DESA.
Origin definition: The origin shares below use country or area of birth for foreign-born estimates and country of citizenship for foreign-citizen estimates. They do not establish a person's nationality, ethnicity, language, reason for migration, legal status, recent-arrival status or undocumented status.
Measurement basis: Foreign-born population + refugee/asylum adjustments (UN DESA code B R)
Evidence note: ECDC indicators use 2024 reports: the foreign-born share is calculated only among diagnoses with known origin; late diagnosis is the country-level share with CD4 <350 cells/µL and is not migrant-specific. Data Unavailable means no sufficiently interpretable value was published; a blank is not zero. The status is an editorial comparison of legal entitlement and practical access and does not apply equally to every migrant group.

Main origins: Russian Federation (38.3%), Uzbekistan (34.4%), Kazakhstan (10.3%)

How Turkmenistan compares

Turkmenistan ranks #52 of 53 countries with enough verified HIV medicine records, by share of records that are reimbursed (19%; median 82%).

0%Marker: median of all countries100%

Neighbouring and nearby countries

Uzbekistan19%Kazakhstan19%Tajikistan19%Azerbaijan19%

All HIV medicines in Turkmenistan

Medicine	Active ingredient	Class	Status	Evidence and source	Checked
Generic TDF/FTC (Emtricitabine/Tenofovir DF) Multiple (Generics)	Emtricitabine / Tenofovir DF	NRTI	Reimbursed	Provided free of charge under national ARV programs or via international donor support. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Generic TLD (Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir) Multiple (Generics)	Tenofovir DF / Lamivudine / Dolutegravir	INSTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Reimbursed	Provided free of charge under the guaranteed volume of free medical care and national programs. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Generic TLE (Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz) Multiple (Generics)	Tenofovir DF / Lamivudine / Efavirenz	NNRTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Reimbursed	Provided free of charge under the guaranteed volume of free medical care and national programs. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Kaletra AbbVie	Lopinavir / Ritonavir	PI	Reimbursed	Provided free of charge under the guaranteed volume of free medical care and national programs. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Truvada Gilead Sciences	Emtricitabine / Tenofovir DF	NRTI	Reimbursed	Provided free of charge under the guaranteed volume of free medical care and national programs. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Biktarvy Gilead Sciences	Bictegravir / Emtricitabine / TAF	INSTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Not available	High-cost branded regimens are generally not procured as public health systems rely on WHO-prequalified generics. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Celsentri ViiV Healthcare	Maraviroc	Entry Inhibitor	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Delstrigo Merck	Doravirine / Lamivudine / Tenofovir DF	NNRTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Descovy Gilead Sciences	Emtricitabine / TAF	NRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Dovato ViiV Healthcare	Dolutegravir / Lamivudine	INSTI + NRTI	Not available	High-cost branded regimens are generally not procured as public health systems rely on WHO-prequalified generics. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Edurant Janssen	Rilpivirine	NNRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Genvoya Gilead Sciences	Elvitegravir / Cobicistat / Emtricitabine / TAF	INSTI + NRTI/NtRTI + pharmacokinetic enhancer	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Intelence Janssen	Etravirine	NNRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Isentress Merck	Raltegravir	INSTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Juluca ViiV Healthcare	Dolutegravir / Rilpivirine	INSTI + NNRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Odefsey Gilead Sciences	Rilpivirine / Emtricitabine / TAF	NNRTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Pifeltro Merck	Doravirine	NNRTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Prezista Janssen	Darunavir	PI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Rekambys Janssen	Rilpivirine	Long-Acting NNRTI	Not available	Long-acting injectable rilpivirine used with cabotegravir for maintenance treatment in eligible virologically suppressed patients. The existing Turkmenistan record for the complete Vocabria / Rekambys regimen is classified as 'Not Available', so this required rilpivirine component uses the same access and reimbursement status. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/rekambys]	14/09/2026
Rukobia ViiV Healthcare	Fostemsavir	Attachment Inhibitor	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Sunlenca Gilead Sciences	Lenacapavir	Capsid Inhibitor	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Symtuza Janssen	Darunavir / Cobicistat / Emtricitabine / TAF	PI + NRTI/NtRTI + pharmacokinetic enhancer	Not available	High-cost branded regimens are generally not procured as public health systems rely on WHO-prequalified generics. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Tivicay ViiV Healthcare	Dolutegravir	INSTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Triumeq ViiV Healthcare	Dolutegravir / Abacavir / Lamivudine	INSTI + NRTI	Not available	High-cost branded regimens are generally not procured as public health systems rely on WHO-prequalified generics. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Vocabria ViiV Healthcare	Cabotegravir	INSTI	Not available	Not registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Vocabria / Rekambys ViiV Healthcare / Janssen	Cabotegravir / Rilpivirine	Long-Acting ART	Not available	Not currently registered or procured in the national health system. [Source: Local Ministry of Health / ECDC reports]	14/09/2026
Apretude ViiV Healthcare	Cabotegravir (PrEP)	INSTI (Long-Acting PrEP)	Under review	Long-acting injectable cabotegravir with oral lead-in tablets, for pre-exposure prophylaxis. The EU/EEA-wide marketing authorisation of 19 September 2023 does not extend to this country; national registration, supply and reimbursement were not confirmed during this review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/apretude]	14/09/2026
Emtriva Gilead Sciences	Emtricitabine	NRTI	Under review	Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used with other antiretroviral medicines for HIV-1 treatment. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/emtriva]	14/09/2026
Epivir ViiV Healthcare	Lamivudine	NRTI	Under review	Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/epivir]	14/09/2026
Eviplera Gilead Sciences	Rilpivirine / Emtricitabine / Tenofovir DF	NNRTI + NRTI/NtRTI	Under review	A once-daily fixed-dose HIV-1 regimen containing rilpivirine, emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil; resistance history and viral-load restrictions apply. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/eviplera]	14/09/2026
Kivexa ViiV Healthcare	Abacavir / Lamivudine	NRTI	Under review	A fixed-dose NRTI backbone containing abacavir and lamivudine; HLA-B*5701 screening is required before abacavir treatment. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kivexa]	14/09/2026
Norvir AbbVie	Ritonavir	PI + pharmacokinetic enhancer	Under review	Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor used mainly at low dose as a pharmacokinetic enhancer for other protease inhibitors. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/norvir]	14/09/2026
Retrovir ViiV Healthcare	Zidovudine	NRTI	Under review	Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used with other antiretroviral medicines; it is now generally a specialised or alternative treatment option. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/retrovir]	14/09/2026
Rezolsta Janssen	Darunavir / Cobicistat	PI + pharmacokinetic enhancer	Under review	A fixed-dose combination of darunavir and cobicistat used with other antiretrovirals. EMA's CHMP issued a positive opinion on 25 June 2026 for a dispersible formulation and paediatric use from age 3 years and 15 kg. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/rezolsta]	14/09/2026
Stribild Gilead Sciences	Elvitegravir / Cobicistat / Emtricitabine / Tenofovir DF	INSTI + NRTI/NtRTI + pharmacokinetic enhancer	Under review	A once-daily fixed-dose HIV-1 regimen containing an integrase inhibitor, pharmacokinetic enhancer and two reverse transcriptase inhibitors. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/stribild]	14/09/2026
Viread Gilead Sciences	Tenofovir DF	NtRTI	Under review	Tenofovir disoproxil is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used with other antiretrovirals for HIV-1 treatment; renal and bone monitoring may be relevant. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/viread]	14/09/2026
Yeytuo Gilead Sciences	Lenacapavir (PrEP)	Capsid Inhibitor (Long-Acting PrEP)	Under review	Twice-yearly injectable lenacapavir for pre-exposure prophylaxis; a separate marketing authorisation from Sunlenca, which covers treatment. The EU/EEA-wide marketing authorisation of 26 August 2025 does not extend to this country; national registration, supply and reimbursement were not confirmed during this review. An identical product, Lenacapavir Gilead, received a positive EMA opinion under the EU-M4all procedure for use outside the EU. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/yeytuo]	14/09/2026
Ziagen ViiV Healthcare	Abacavir	NRTI	Under review	Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination therapy; HLA-B*5701 screening is required before treatment. EMA authorisation confirms the product identity but does not establish registration, market supply or reimbursement in Turkmenistan. No product-specific national reimbursement listing was confirmed during this review; status remains under review. [Source: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/ziagen]	14/09/2026

Sources

The evidence notes above quote these sources. Each record keeps its own source and last-checked date.

aidsinfo.unaids.org https://aidsinfo.unaids.org/dataset
who.int https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240124110
unesco.org https://www.unesco.org/gem-report/en/peer
who.int https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/comprehensive-sexua…
bzga-whocc.de https://www.bzga-whocc.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/BZgA_IPPFE…
abortion-policies.srhr.org https://abortion-policies.srhr.org/countries/
who.int https://www.who.int/europe/health-topics/refugee-and-migrant-health
ecdc.europa.eu https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/hivaids-surveillance…
iris.who.int https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/352055/9789289056526-eng…
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/apretude
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/emtriva
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/epivir
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/eviplera
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kivexa
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/norvir
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/rekambys
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/retrovir
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/rezolsta
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/stribild
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/viread
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/yeytuo
ema.europa.eu https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/ziagen

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